Trauma Outcomes in Patients with Pre-existing Conditions: How Effective are ATLS Protocols?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37018/JFJMU/IHR/2550Keywords:
ATLS, Trauma, Pre-Existing Conditions, Morbidity, Mortality, Injury Severity ScoreAbstract
Background: This study aimed to assess the impact of trauma protocol adherence on patient outcomes in a resource-limited setting, comparing those with and without pre-existing conditions. Chronic illnesses were hypothesized to worsen trauma outcomes, with key variables including mortality, morbidity, length of hospital stay, and ICU admission. By evaluating the influence of comorbidities on trauma management, the study provides insights into optimizing care for vulnerable populations in constrained environments.
Patients and Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted on 120 trauma patients admitted to Sharourah General Hospital over a 12-month period. Patients were divided into two groups: those with pre-existing conditions (Group 1, n=60) and those without (Group 2, n=60). Data collected included age, gender, Injury Severity Score (ISS), mortality, length of hospital stay, time to treatment, ICU admission, and post-trauma complications.
Results: Patients in Group 1 (with pre-existing conditions) were older, with a mean age of 62.5 years, compared to 38.2 years in Group 2 (without pre-existing conditions). Mortality was higher in Group 2 (26.7%) than in Group 1 (18.3%), though the difference was not statistically significant. ICU admissions and morbidity, including infections and respiratory failure, were more frequent in Group 1. The length of hospital stay and time to definitive treatment were similar between the two groups, though patients with pre-existing conditions experienced more variability in hospital stay and treatment delays.
Conclusion: In conclusion, while patients with pre-existing conditions had higher morbidity and ICU admission rates, injury severity remained the primary determinant of mortality. Adherence to trauma protocols can help standardize care, but tailored approaches are necessary for managing the complexities of patients with chronic conditions.
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